Aspirācijas sistēmas, pneimotransports

Why Manufacturing Needs Effective Aspiration

The absence or incorrect operation of industrial aspiration systems entails direct financial and legal risks for the business. The accumulation of combustible dust (wood, flour, metal) creates a critical risk of explosion and fire, leading to facility shutdowns and sanctions from regulatory authorities. High concentrations of fine suspended particles in the working area accelerate abrasive wear on machine tools and cause occupational diseases among personnel. System design according to engineering standards ensures the continuity of technological processes and reduces operational costs.

Engineering Requirements for Industrial Aspiration Systems

The design and installation of aspiration and pneumatic transport systems differ fundamentally from standards for general HVAC ventilation. The primary task of standard ventilation is to dilute the concentration of harmful substances, whereas aspiration captures pollutants directly at their generation point. The system solves three technological tasks:

• Source capture and transport: Capturing fine media, dry particles, shavings, and process gases before they spread into the working area.
• Explosion and fire safety: Preventing the accumulation of combustible aerosols capable of detonating from a spark or static discharge.
• Aerodynamic balance: Creating a calibrated pressure cascade that directs airflows from clean zones to contaminated ones, with the mandatory organization of make-up air.

Facilities Where We Install Industrial Aspiration Systems

We develop engineering solutions for dust extraction and pneumatic transport for industrial enterprises with various types of loads:

• Woodworking factories and furniture production
• Metalworking areas (welding, grinding, cutting)
• Food industry (grain processing, bulk product transport)
• Building materials production and powder coating workshops

Services for the Production and Installation of Aspiration Systems

We offer a comprehensive approach to the installation of exhaust technological systems, adapting structural solutions to the specifics of a particular production:

• Analysis of the technological process and development of design solutions with spatial routing of ducts.
• Production of pneumatic transport components: ducts, multi-segment bends, flanges, and blast gates made of galvanized and stainless steel.
• Manufacture and installation of cyclones, local exhaust hoods, and filter modules.
• Installation of main ductwork runs ensuring joint tightness and a continuous electrostatic bonding and grounding circuit.
• Instrumental commissioning, balancing of flow velocities, and system handover to operation.

Features of Aspiration Design and Installation

Reliable equipment operation depends on strict compliance with aerodynamic laws, the correct selection of components, and consideration of the physical properties of the transported medium.

Main Ductwork and Tightness

Smooth-walled steel pipes are used for dust extraction. Section connections are made using flanges, band clamps, or rolling. To minimize aerodynamic losses and maintain a vacuum, seams are sealed with specialized sealants, providing tightness class C or D according to the EN 12237 standard. Airtight inspection hatches are installed on the main ductwork runs for regular inspection and cleaning of the route.

Explosion Safety According to the ATEX Directive and Grounding

Friction of transported particles against the walls generates a significant static charge. To eliminate sparking capable of initiating the ignition of combustible dusts, all metal elements are bonded and grounded. If dielectric gaskets are used, mounting joints must be connected with bonding jumpers. Equipment placed in potentially explosive zones must have a certified design strictly in accordance with the ATEX directive (2014/34/EU).

Aerodynamic Calculation and Flow Velocity

To prevent the formation of blockages in the pipes or, conversely, premature abrasive wear of the metal, we configure strictly regulated air velocities:

Noise Reduction and Vibration

High-power extraction fans generate a significant noise level. Fans are installed on massive bases via vibration-isolating mounts. Silencers are used with caution and installed exclusively on the clean air side (after filters) to avoid clogging the sound-absorbing material with dust and eliminate the risk of fire.

Specifics of Installing Aspiration Units and Pneumatic Transport

Installation of load-bearing brackets, support frames, and trestles is carried out taking into account dynamic loads. The spacing of supports is calculated with a safety margin, considering the weight of the duct, equipment vibration, and the possible mass of a dust blockage during abnormal system operation. When there are processes with sparking (grinding, welding), hoods are equipped with spark arrestors.

Project Implementation Stages

• Engineering inspection: Study of the enterprise's technological processes, evaluation of room layouts, and pollution emission points.
• Calculation and selection: Determination of air exchange parameters, calculation of route cross-sections, and selection of filtering and draft equipment.
• Production: Manufacture of necessary ducts, non-standard fittings, and hoppers.
• Installation: Installation of load-bearing structures, assembly of airtight main ductwork runs, mounting of inspection hatches and grounding circuits.
• Commissioning: Measurement of actual pressure and velocities, system balancing with throttle valves and blast gates, recording of operating parameters.

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